[evlatests] Sensitivity Equation
Bob Sault
rsault at nrao.edu
Wed Nov 23 11:19:08 EST 2011
Rick,
There are some extra caveats to watch with this.
- The equation that you give is right for a baseline. For an array,
because the self-noise for a point source is not independent on
different baselines, it does not average down in the way it does
for a source that is completely resolved out. So you have to be
careful in determining the sensitivity of the array [this is
Barry's point about thinking about the SEFD of the (phased) array,
not a baseline]
- Selfcal can hide much ... amplitude selfcal on a point source
with self noise can selfcal out the self noise! You cannot
distinguish between a gain fluctuation and self noise.
Best regards
Bob
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Email: rsault at nrao.edu
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-----Original Message-----
From: evlatests-bounces at nrao.edu [mailto:evlatests-bounces at nrao.edu] On
Behalf Of Rick Perley
Sent: Thursday, 24 November 2011 2:53 AM
To: evlatests at aoc.nrao.edu
Subject: [evlatests] Sensitivity Equation
In yesterday's 'Stokes V' discussion, I mentioned the sensitivity
equation, which includes the effects of 'self-noise'.
The nicest form of the equation is in the article by Joan and Craig
in the 'Synthesis Imaging' book, Eq. 10 in Chapter 9. It can be
written, for a single correlator (real or imaginary part of a single
complex correlator), and a point source as:
sigma = sqrt(A)/(eta.sqrt(B))
where:
A = 2.S_t^2 + 2.S_t.S_e + S_e^2
B = 2.BW.T
eta = system (correlator, electronics) efficiency.
and
S_t = source flux density (Jy)
S_e = antenna SEFD (Jy)
BW = bandwidth (Hz)
T = visibility integration time (sec)
If the source is resolved, then a modification is needed to the
first term in A:
Replace
2.S_t^2
with
S_c^2 + S_t^2,
where S_c is the correlated flux on the baseline of interest. Keep
in mind that S_c and S_t will be different between the real an imaginary
parts, depending on where the source is. For a properly phased array,
and a point source, these terms will only apply to the real part.
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